Evolution 8.
- Students know how natural selection determines the
differential survival of groups of organisms.
- Students know a great diversity of species increases the
chance that at least some organisms survive major changes in the
environment.
Physiology 9.
- Students know how the complementary activity of major
body systems provides cells with oxygen and nutrients and removes toxic
waste products such as carbon dioxide.
Investigation and
Experimentation 1.
a.
Select
and use appropriate tools and technology (such as computer-linked
probes, spreadsheets, and graphing calculators) to perform tests,
collect data, analyze relationships, and display data.
b.
Identify
and communicate sources of unavoidable experimental error.
c.
Identify
possible reasons for inconsistent results, such as sources of error or
uncontrolled conditions.
d.
Formulate
explanations by using logic and evidence.
f.
Distinguish
between hypothesis and theory as scientific terms.
g.
Recognize
the usefulness and limitations of models and theories as scientific
representations of reality.
h.
Read
and interpret topographic and geologic maps.
i.
Analyze
the locations, sequences, or time intervals that are characteristic of
natural phenomena (e.g., relative ages of rocks, locations of planets
over time, and succession of species in an ecosystem).
j.
Recognize
the issues of statistical variability and the need for controlled tests.
k.
Recognize
the cumulative nature of scientific evidence.
l.
Analyze
situations and solve problems that require combining and applying
concepts from more than one area of science.
m.
Investigate a
science-based societal issue by researching the literature, analyzing
data, and communicating the findings. Examples of issues include
irradiation of food, cloning of animals by somatic cell nuclear
transfer, choice of energy sources, and land and water use decisions in
California.
n.
Know
that when an observation does not agree with an accepted scientific
theory, the observation is sometimes mistaken or fraudulent (e. g., the
Piltdown Man fossil or unidentified flying objects) and that the theory
is sometimes wrong (e.g., the Ptolemaic model of the movement of the
Sun, Moon, and planets).